ATI Pathophysiology Practice Exam

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What is the effect of aldosterone secretion on electrolyte levels?

Sodium levels are increased
Potassium levels are decreased
Calcium levels are increased
Chloride levels are decreased

The correct answer is: Sodium levels are increased

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a critical role in regulating electrolyte levels, particularly sodium and potassium. When aldosterone is secreted, it acts primarily on the kidneys, promoting the reabsorption of sodium back into the bloodstream while simultaneously facilitating the excretion of potassium into the urine. This results in an overall increase in sodium levels in the blood. Elevated levels of sodium can have significant effects on fluid balance, blood volume, and blood pressure, making aldosterone a key player in the body's homeostasis. Therefore, the correct answer is that sodium levels are increased as a direct consequence of aldosterone secretion. The increase in sodium levels is accompanied by a decrease in potassium levels, as aldosterone promotes potassium excretion. Calcium levels are not directly affected by aldosterone, and chloride levels typically follow sodium levels due to electrical and osmotic balance. Thus, the increase in sodium is the primary and most relevant effect of aldosterone secretion on electrolyte levels.